What is the primary treatment method for osteosarcoma in dogs?

The primary treatment method for osteosarcoma in dogs is surgery and amputation. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive and highly metastatic bone cancer, commonly affecting large and giant breeds. Due to the nature of the tumor, the most effective way to ensure complete removal of cancerous tissue and provide the best chance for survival is through surgical intervention.

Amputation of the affected limb is often necessary, particularly if the tumor is located in a long bone. This procedure not only helps to remove the primary cancerous lesion but also alleviates pain and discomfort associated with the tumor. After surgery, adjunctive therapies such as chemotherapy may be utilized to address micro-metastatic disease and reduce the risk of recurrence, but the cornerstone of initial treatment remains surgical intervention.

Alternative options such as radiation therapy may be employed in certain situations, such as in cases where surgery is not feasible due to the tumor's location or the patient’s health condition, but these methods are generally not the primary approach for osteosarcoma. Watchful waiting is inappropriate in this context because osteosarcoma tends to progress rapidly and requires prompt action to improve outcomes.