What is the typical spread method for osteosarcoma in dogs?

Osteosarcoma, a highly aggressive bone tumor commonly seen in dogs, typically spreads through hematogenous means. This type of metastasis involves the dissemination of cancer cells via the bloodstream to distant sites in the body, such as the lungs, which is a common location for osteosarcoma metastases in dogs.

The hematogenous spread of osteosarcoma is significant because it allows the tumor to establish secondary growths long before clinical signs of metastasis are observed, complicating treatment options and prognosis. The ability of osteosarcoma to spread in this manner underscores the aggressive nature of this tumor and the need for careful monitoring and potential aggressive treatment strategies when a diagnosis is made.

In contrast, lymphatic spread, while relevant in some cancers, is not the primary route for osteosarcoma, as this tumor primarily infiltrates through the bloodstream. Contact spread and local infiltration are also not significant routes of metastasis for osteosarcoma, as these methods imply direct extension into adjacent tissues rather than dissemination to distant sites.